Everything Solar Pal calculates for your system
From astronomical solar science to battery wiring diagrams, Solar Pal handles the math so you can focus on the design decisions that matter.
All four mainstream deep-cycle chemistries
Each chemistry comes with the correct depth of discharge (DoD) limit applied automatically, so your battery bank is never undersized or overstressed.
| Chemistry | DoD Limit | Cold Tolerance | Maintenance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flooded lead-acid (FLA) | 50% | Excellent (to −25°C) | High (water top-up) |
| AGM (sealed) | 60% | Very good (to −20°C) | Minimal |
| Gel | 60% | Good | Minimal |
| LiFePO4 lithium | 80% | Limited below 0°C | None |
Cold-climate tip: for installations in Québec, northern Ontario, British Columbia, and other Canadian provinces, Solar Pal recommends FLA or AGM as the default chemistry — both safely charge and discharge well below freezing without requiring a BMS low-temperature cutoff.
A detailed six-component loss model
Every design accounts for real-world losses, so the panel array is sized to produce what your loads actually need — not just what they consume at nameplate.
Wiring & connection losses
DC cable resistance and terminal losses.
Temperature derating
4% above 40°N; up to 8% in tropical climates.
Dust & soiling
Dirt, snow, and debris accumulation on panel surfaces.
MPPT / charge controller losses
Maximum power point tracking conversion.
Battery round-trip losses
Charge and discharge heat losses.
Inverter conversion losses
Based on your entered inverter efficiency (typically 90–97%).
The total system derate is applied to the daily load before panel sizing begins, so the resulting array is always realistically sized.
Series and parallel, calculated automatically
Solar Pal automatically calculates the correct series and parallel wiring configuration for both the solar panel array and the battery bank, expressed in standard notation (e.g. 4S × 2P).
S = units wired in series (voltages add, current stays constant).
P = strings wired in parallel (voltages stay constant, current adds).
A 4S × 2P battery bank using 12V batteries means four batteries in series (= 48V) with two such strings in parallel (= double the amp-hour capacity) — displayed for both the panel array and battery bank.
Example: 4S × 2P battery bank
Two parallel strings (rows), each with four 12V batteries in series → 48V system, double capacity.
Export, manage, and work fully offline
Export & share
Share a text summary via your device's native share sheet, or export a standalone HTML report — branded, complete, and ready to email or print.
Project management
Store multiple projects locally. Open, duplicate to explore variations, delete, or create new projects any time — all on-device.
Works fully offline
A service worker caches all application assets after first load — ideal for field use at remote off-grid sites with no connectivity.